Enseignement de l'anglais/le discours indirect

On emploie le discours indirect pour rapporter les paroles de quelqu'un. Il faut adapter les repères du discours direct.

Concordance des temps

Discours direct

Discours indirect

Présent	Prétérit
"I hate driving," she said. "I am watching TV," he said.	She said that she hated driving. He said he was watching TV.

Prétérit	Past Perfect
"Tom went back to the USA," they told her.	They told her that Tom had gone back to the USA.

Present Perfect	Past Perfect
"I've never liked poetry," his father claimed.	His father claimed that he had never liked poetry.

Impératif	to + verbe
"Don't play with your food," their mum told them.	Their mum told them not to play with their food.

Futur	would
"I'll do it tomorrow," I said.	I said I would do it the next day.

Can	could
"I can do it myself," he claimed.	He claimed he could do it himself.

must	had to ou must
"We must do it ourselves," they said.	They said they must / had to do it themselves.

should	should
"You should not smoke," I advised him.	I advised him that he shouldn't smoke.

Pronoms, déterminants, adverbes

Comme en français, les déterminants, adverbes et pronoms ne sont pas les mêmes au discours direct et au discours indirect.

Adverbes de temps

Discours direct	Discours indirect
yesterday	the day before
today	that day
tomorrow	the following day
last week/month/year	the week/month/year before
next week/month/year	the following week/month/year
three days ago	three days before

Déterminants

Discours direct	Discours indirect
"I like my house," she said.	She said she liked her house.
"I visited this town."	He said he had visited the town.

Verbes introducteurs

Les verbes introducteurs sont employés au prétérit.

to add	to advise	to admit	to answer	to apologize	to ask	to beg	to declare	to explain
ajouter	demander conseil	admettre	répondre	s'excuser	demander	supplier	déclarer	expliquer

to insist	to invite	to suggest
insister	inviter	suggérer

Interrogatives

Dans les interrogatives au discours indirect il n'y a pas d'inversion du sujet et du verbe, on n'emploie pas l'auxillaire do.
Exemple : He asked me where I had slept. Il me demanda où j'avais dormi.
I wonder if I must eat. Je me demande si je dois manger.

Application

Test

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